The Epistemology Of The Decision Making Process Of Burglars

The aim of this essay is to attempt to identify the epistemology implicated in the research conducted by Emmeline Taylor about the decision making process of burglars. Essay begins with a concise definition of Criminology and a brief outline of ‘Rational Choice Theory’ which can be utilised to understand the decision making process of offenders and to provide a background for the notion of the rationality among burglars whilst acting criminal behaviour. Then it will continue with the explanation of the some key notions underpinning the theoretical assumptions of a study to be presented. It will conclude with the final consideration of epistemological stance of the study. Coined as a term by an Italian criminologist Raffaele Garofalo in 1885, Criminology, studies the extent, cause and nature of crime and criminal behaviour in a systematic way (Lanier and Henry, 2004). In a widest sense, Criminological approach comprises â€Å"the study of various forms of crime, offenders, formulation of laws, various processes of law enforcement and criminal justice, policy and practice in punishment, attempts to control, reduce or prevent crime, investigation of the victims of crime† (Coleman and Norris, 2000, pp. 13). The decision making process of the offenders and the factors that affect their decisions gain popularity among researchers. However, as Wright and Bennet (1990) argued, despite the importance of the offenders’ perspective in committing crime, little attention has paid by the

Portayal of the King in Shakespeares Tragedy of Hamlet

Analysis of Shakespeare During Elizabethan times, the survival and longevity of the king or queen was essential for the subjects of the kingdom. The monarchy unified the kingdom, saw to its prosperity, and protected its subjects from foreign invasion. The king was the most important person within the kingdom and without him the kingdom would collapse. Shakespeare echoes this thought back to his audience in The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, Act 3, Scene3, lines 11 through 23 through a passage recited by Rosencrantz. In lines 1 through 7, King Claudius is ordering Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to take the now-deemed-mad Hamlet to England. King Claudius fears for his kingdom and his own life having viewed the†¦show more content†¦With the kings death, his kingdom also dies and that the nature of the kings subjects lives are affected ecconomically, politically, socially, and spiritually-referring to the nature of their lives. In other words, if something malicious were to occur to King Claudius, i.e. Prince Hamlet murdering King Claudius, the affects of Claudius death would have wide spread implications, hence the death of the king is more complex that that of the common person. Rosencrantz completes his affirmation stating the following: It [the death of the king] is a massy wheel [a wheel having considerable bulk or volume] Fixed on the summit [the highest elevation] of the highest mount [the highest mountain], To whose huge spokes [the spokes of this massive wheel] ten thousand lesser things Are mortised [fastened or joined securely; joined together closely and firmly] and adjoined [joined as an adjunct, added, annexed, attached; appended or subjoined], which when it [the wheel; the king] falls Each small annexment [that which is joined together without subordination of one to the other], petty [of little importance, insignificant, or trivial] consequence [a circumstance which follows as a result of something preceding], Attends the boistrous [rough, violent] ruin. Never alone Did the King sigh [emit a soft subtle sound expressing sorrow], but with a general groan [utter a low

Goffman s Contributions On The Theory Of Social Stigma

I have chosen to examine Irving Goffman’s contributions to the theory of social stigma, specifically through the perspectives presented in Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. My analysis of this work leads me to imagine communication as a mask, possessing the ability to shield the wearer’s actual social identity from observers. This metaphor has utility because it provides a concrete way to conceptualize a portion of the complex web of presentation and interpretations that accompany communicative interaction with an individual who is perceived to have an attribute that positions them as significantly other. When I originally proposed communication as a mask, I was envisioning the mask as noise designed to act as a barrier to communication. However, once I became aware of Goffman’s work, I realized that this particular conception of communication provides specific advantages for the stigmatized in a way that acknowledges the constant vigilance and level of effort that a stigmatized individual must put forth in order to engage with a normal without revealing their attribute. Thus, I have chosen this perspective because it disturbed my default understanding of communication as an exchange between two normals. It may enable those who use it to develop insight into the experiences of those who perceive co mmunicative interactions differently then themselves. Goffman’s â€Å"Presentation of the Self in Everyday Life† (2007) considers even the most mundaneShow MoreRelatedThe Presentation Of The Self By Irving Goffman1305 Words   |  6 Pagessociological concept ‘dramaturgy’, developed by Irving Goffman (1922 – 1982), was initially used in his book The Presentation of the Self (1959). Dramaturgy uses the theatre as an extended metaphor to explain social interaction and social roles. Like actors in a play, people play roles, working together to up hold various social realities and functional institutions such as work, school, home, medical, legal or leisure. Key components of this theory are ‘front and back’ and ‘impression management’, whichRead MorePoverty Is Not Only An Individual Problem2983 Words   |  12 PagesPeople Poor in America?† Rodgers gives two categories of theories that are used when cultural /behavioral or structural/economic. Behavior/culture theorist s look at the behavior, culture and values of the poor as the reason for poverty. While structural /ecIn western culture statistics are an excessively used tool in describing social issues. Numbers help explain a situation, but in excesses, can dehumanize a population. A serious social issue that suffers from desensitization is poverty. PovertyRead MoreInteraction Ritual by Erving Goffman1369 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Erving Goffman (1922-1982) held the position of Benjamin Franklin Professor of Anthropology and Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania. He served as President of the American Sociological Association in the year leading up to his death in 1982. Goffman is considered as the pioneer of the study of face-to-face interaction and has made a substantial contribution to micro-sociology. He is recognised as a major figure in the symbolic interaction perspective. In 2007 he was listedRead MoreSociology : A Sociological Perspective1292 Words   |  6 PagesSociology Ashley Drees Ivy Tech Community College Professor Brosmer April 10,2016 What is Sociology Sociology  is the  study of  social behavior or society, including its origins, development, organization, networks, and institutions. Sociology is a social science that uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about social order, disorder, and change. Three Main Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Functional Perspective Conflict PerspectiveRead MoreThe Sociology Of Health And Mental Illness3181 Words   |  13 Pagescontext and influences of two theorists, Michel Foucault and Erving Goffman, on the sociology of health and mental illness. Word count: 3,132 John Goulder! 1 ï ¿ ¼Introduction: Mental Health as Disparate Social Object Antipsychiatry was as much a cultural phenomenon as an academic or institutional one. Whilst the work of Laing (1960) and Szasz (1960) can be rooted in the Fruedo-Marxist ‘methodological individualism’ of critical theory (Rogers Pilgrim, 2010: 14), or even a broader constructionist critiqueRead MoreIs Deviance A Moral Social Order?1715 Words   |  7 Pagesaccepted by the society (Henry, 2009: 2). This stands in correlation to the human attempt to make a moral social order in which some behaviour is characterized as deviant or unacceptable and other conduct is characterized as acceptable, through the making of rules that subject rule violators to sanctions and don t allow some behaviours. Though deviance is taken to be an infringement of social standards, crime on the other hand is seen as an infringement of criminal law, and though deviance is behaviourRead MoreNotes On The Management Of Spoiled Identity Essay2045 Words   |  9 PagesErving Goffman, Ph.D is a well- known sociologist. In the early 1960’s, Goffman published Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. The published document illustrated the lives of stigmatized individuals who are unable to conform to standards that society calls â€Å"normal†. Goffman’s other works included The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life and Asylums. Goffman primary focus was on the detailed analysis of encounters and the norms governing these encounters, therefore the evaluationRead MoreLabelling Theory2112 Words   |  9 PagesLabeling theory had its origins in Suicide, a book by French sociologist Émile Durkheim. He found that crime is not so much a violation of a penal code as it is an act that outrages society. He was the first to suggest that deviant labeling satisfies that function and satisfies society s need to control the behavior. As a contributor to American Pragmatism and later a member of the Chicago School, George Herbert Mead posited that the self is socially constructed and reconstructed through the interactionsRead MoreEffects Of Stigma On African Americans2054 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Social stigma is defined as the censure of, or dissatisfaction with, a person due to a physical, social, or psychological feature(s) that differentiates that individual from the cultural norm† (Goffman, 1963). Being accepted by others is considered an essential human need, being ostracized or marginalized can be psychologically deleterious for the stigmatized individual (Goffman, 1963). Dating back to our caveman days, stigma has a profound impact on people’s mental and physical health in a varietyRead MoreHoward Becker s The On Opium Addiction3802 Words   |  16 PagesHoward Becker is an American social scientist who has made real commitments to the human science of aberrance, humanism of workmanship, and human science of music. Becker additionally composed broadly on sociological written work styles and systems. Moreover, Becker s 1963 book Outsiders gave the establishments to labeling theory. Becker is regularly called a typical interactionist or social interactionist; nevertheless, he does not adjust himself to either system. A graduate of the University of

French Revolution Essay - 802 Words

The French Revolution was a time for expansion in human freedom. It was a way for the French to re-invent their government to give some sort of equality for their people. There were many successes the French Revolution made, such as creating public schools for children and making it mandatory for them to attend. The French Revolution had the intentions to create a better government and lifestyle for their people, such as Jacobins who believed in the poor having their turn to rule. Though, others opposed the ideas of the revolution. Those people did not go unpunished by their beliefs. This was known as the Reign of Terror, which was not completely necessary for their society. The French Revolution was held in order to stop†¦show more content†¦Part I: All children will attend school, boys between the ages of 5 and 12, girls between the ages of 5 and 11. (Draft of Law on Public Education, by Citizen Robespierre) This showed how the government was serious in making sure all people in France had some education. This was a great success because every person could at least read and write. Lastly, women were finally given the freedom of equality. Woman had always been oppressed by men because of physical capability, they were not as physically strong as men. But, they were finally able to pass a law of equality in a written declaration. Article 1: Woman is born free and lives equal to man in her rights. Social distinctions can be based only on the common utility. (Declaration of the Rights of Women, by Olympe de Gouge) This clearly shows that the French Revolution aided women in the right of equality with men. These successes clearly show how th e French Revolution helped to expand human freedom. The people who supported the Revolution were known as Jacobins. They were people who believed that the poor should have the turn to rule, they represented the lower class people. This group was made up of anyone who believed in their ideas, even women. Two men who were part of the Jacobins were Georges Danton and Jean-Paul Marat. They highly believed in the poor being in control. Danton once stated The Rich used to rule Paris. Now we cry: Make way for theShow MoreRelatedThe French Revolution And The Revolution1523 Words   |  7 PagesThe French Revolution was a time rife with violence, with many revolutionaries using extreme actions to overturn the French Monarchy and create a government based on equality and justice, rather than tyranny and despotism. This violence reached gruesome and terrible heights throughout the revolution, but was justified by the revolutionaries, who believed that their goals of total equality, the end of tyranny, and the return to a virtuous society, allowed them to use means necessary to attain theseRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1336 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis The French Revolution was such an important time history. Not only was it a massacre with many lives being lost, including that of Queen Marie Antoinette and her husband King Louis XVI, it was also a time of great political turmoil which would turn man against man that being the case of Edmond Burke and Thomas Paine. Edmond Burke a traditionalist who believed the people should be loyal to the king against his former friend, Thomas Paine a free thinker who believed in order for things toRead MoreThe Revolution Of The French Revolution1040 Words   |  5 PagesWhile there were political and social causes of The French Revolution the most important cause was actually economic. A few years before the French’s revolution the French spent approximately 1.3 billion livres, 13 billion dollars, on the American Revolution. This gracious contribution caused trouble at home. The French Revolution was one of the most important events in history. While it changed the social structure in France it also affected many different countries across the world. â€Å"the treeRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1640 Words   |  7 Pages The French Revolution is often seen as one of the most influential and significant events in world history (Voices 9). The surge of rebellion present in those against the old regime, or Ancien Rà ©gime, inspired reformers for generations to come. Nevertheless, the French Revolution would not have occurred without the aid of the Enlightenment Thinkers, or Philosophà ©s. These Philosophà ©s’ ideas sparked the French Revolution. Prior to the French Revolution, France was radically different. It was theRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1321 Words   |  6 Pages The French Revolution The French Revolution was an iconic piece of history that help shape the world. It was a time were great battles occurred. Blood sheds happen almost every day. The streets were red by the blood of bodies that were dragged from being beheaded. The economy was in bad shape. But before all of this the French had a few goals but there was one goal that they all wanted and that was to get rid of the monarchy. This idea did not arrive out of nowhere, the commoners were influenceRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1223 Words   |  5 Pages French Revolution As the Enlightenment began in the middle of the 17th century, people began to use reason rather than stick to tradition. New Enlightenment ideas spread throughout Europe such as ideas on government. Enlightenment thinkers such as Rousenan believed that the best government was one formed with the general consent of the people. Other Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire and Montesquieu believed in freedom of speech and a separation of power within the government. All of theseRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1221 Words   |  5 PagesWhen people think of the French Revolution, they immediately think of the country of France and how the Revolution affected it. What most people do not think about however, is how the Revolution affected other countries, specifically the country of England. England was affected positively and negatively by the Revolution in that there was an increase of political involvement, but there was a collapse in the economy due to war declared by France. The French Revolution created a battle of conflictingRead MoreRevolutions And The French Revolution956 Words   |  4 Pages Revolutions are a common occurrence throughout world history. With the amount of revolutions in history, there are those that get lost and those that are the most remembered or well known. One of the well known revolutions is the French Revolution which occurred in the years 1789 to 1799. Before the French Revolution, France was ruled by an absolute monarchy, this meaning that one ruler had the supreme authority and that said authority was not restricted by any written laws, legislature, or customsRead MoreThe Revolution Of The French Revolution1636 Words   |  7 Pageswas an old fortress that had served as a royal prison and in which gunpowder was stored. This will be the place where Parisian crowds will lay siege on and use the gunpowder for their weapons, and this will become a great turning point in the French Revolution. 3) The Great Fear was the vast movement that the peasant insurgency of sacking nobles’ castles and burning documents would blend into. This attack was mainly because of seigneurial dues and church tithes that weighed heavily on many peasantsRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1180 Words   |  5 PagesLooking at the historical timeline, one can see that the French Revolution derived after the Enlightenment, which brought different ways of thinking, and different outlooks on government and society (553),(555),(558). The Enlightenment also changed the world of public debate, and established some ideas central to the French Revolution. The French Revolution of 1789 occurred due to government debt, class conflict, bankruptcy, the Enlightenment, and the rule of absolutism. These social, economic, and

Rational Decision Making Model Essay Example For Students

Rational Decision Making Model Essay Abstract What is a decision? The word decision can be defined as, the act of reaching a conclusion or making up ones mind (American Heritage, 2000). Essentially, a decision is a choice that an individual or a group of people makes. A decision can be a single action, an entire process, or even just a single spoken word or gesture. Decision-making is one of the defining characteristics of leadership. Making decisions is what managers and leaders are paid to do, and is an integral part of their days duties. The affects of decisions can range from minor in consequence to life or career threatening. Regardless of the consequences, it is important to understand when a decision needs to be made and the best way to make it. This paper will focus on the Rational Model for decision-making. The first section will describe the Rational Model for decision-making. It will identify all the steps of the Rational Model and what they entail. The second section will detail a recent job-related issue I was involved with. I will discuss the issue and show how the Rational Model of decision-making was effectively utilized to reach a decision. Decision Making Model The Rational Model A decision is a solution chosen from among alternatives. Decisions must be made when a person is faced with a problem or an issue that needs resolution. Decision-making is the process of selecting a course of action (ideas or alternatives) that will solve a problem and resolve any issues. Decision-making models provide people with a method for making decisions. There are numerous decision-making methods people utilize today. Some are meant to be all encompassing, meaning they can be utilized in many different environments. Others are specific to issues or industries, such as technology, psychology, and mathematics. Regardless of the problem, there is usually a decision-making process that is best suited for any situation, and it is up to us to find it. The Rational Model Definition According to the School of Information Sciences and Technology at Penn State University, the Rational Model of decision-making, requires comprehensive problem definition, an exhaustive search for alternatives, and thorough data collection and analysis. According to this model, information exchange and communication are unbiased, and accurate decision alternatives are intentionally chosen to bring maximum benefits to the individual, organization or group (2003, p. 3). Essentially, the Rational Model requires people to have a clear understanding of the actual problem. Unless the issue is clearly established, the Rational Model can be ineffective. This model also incorporates extensive research, so that all options or alternatives can be brought before the decision-maker(s). The Rational Model is a step-by-step decision-making model. Depending on the source of definition for the Rational Model, it consists of anywhere from four to nine steps that must be taken to reach a comprehensive, educated and effective solution. Basically, the Rational Model can be broken down into four basic steps, which can be further diluted to create the additional three to five steps. Step 1 Define the Problem The first step of the Rational Model is to define the problem. As stated in the definition, in order for the Rational Model to be effective, the problem or issue needs to be clearly understood. It is imperative to truly understand to source of a problem, not just the symptoms. The MBA program at the University of Houston Victoria provides this example, if a member of your staff is impolite to a client on the phone, the problem may not be that your staff member is impoliteit may be that he needs customer service training, or that he is having difficulty coping with the stress that his professional responsibilities involve (2005). Essentially, the virus needs to be treated, not the cough it causes. Step 2 Generate Ideas/Alternatives The second step to the Rational Method is the generation of a list of possible solutions or alternatives. .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c , .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .postImageUrl , .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c , .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:hover , .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:visited , .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:active { border:0!important; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:active , .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue7dbb6a02c4503bdfad1cd7f3e684f9c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Moby Dick - Characters of Captain Ahab and Ishmael Essay The Rational Method requires that all possible solutions to a problem be discovered. No solutions should ever be evaluated or discarded at this point of the decision-making process. This process requires extensive research, and multiple resources and parties should be involved in the generation of this list. This search should continue until all possible solutions .

Financial Analysis Report of Ace Hardware-Samples for Students

Question: Write a report on Financial Analysis of Ace Hardware. Answer: Introduction Analysis of financial statements helps in evaluating the business performance of the firm and provides the way to make financial decisions. Financial analysis can be carried through ratio analysis, trend analysis, and vertical horizontal analysis and other accounting tools. In this assignment financial analysis of ACE Hardware has been carried out last two years through using the ratio analysis technique. Ratio analysis is done to evaluate the liquidity, financial flexibility, operating capability and profitability of the given company. Calculation of financial Ratios Financial Ratios Formula Years 201X 201Y Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio Current Assets/Current Liabilities 1.71 1.47 Quick Ratio Quick Assets/Current Liabilities 0.68 0.61 Profitability Ratios Gross Profit Margin Gross Profit/Net Sales 26.07% 25.16% Net Profit Margin Net Profit/Net Sales 0.00001% 0.008% Return on Total Assets Net Profit/Total Assets 0.00003% 0.035% Return on Owner's Equity Net Profit/Shareholder's Equity 0.00082% 2.72% Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio COGS/Average Inventory 7.34 Accounts Receivable Turnover Credit Sales/Average ARs 8.76 Capital Structure Debt Ratio Total Liabilities/Total assets 0.97 0.99 Financial Data used to calculate the Ratio Particulars 201X 201Y Current assets $ 2,813,687.00 $ 2,106,718.00 Current Liabilities $ 1,642,469.00 $ 1,436,026.00 Inventory $ 1,697,220.00 $ 1,231,111.00 Quick Assets $ 1,116,467.00 $ 875,607.00 Gross Profit $ 3,791,024.00 $ 3,014,553.00 Net Profit $ 1.00 $ 993.00 Net Sales $ 14,543,837.00 $ 11,981,782.00 Total Assets $ 3,584,529.00 $ 2,799,502.00 Shareholder's Equity $ 122,483.00 $ 36,542.00 COGS $ 10,752,813.00 $ 8,967,229.00 Average Inventory $ 1,464,165.50 Credit Sales $ 8,726,302.20 $ 7,189,069.20 Total Liabilities $ 3,462,046.00 $ 2,762,960.00 Account Receivables $ 1,116,467.00 $ 875,607.00 Average Accounts Receivables $ 996,037.00 Analysis on Financial Performance of Ace Hardware In this segment, interpretation of financial performance of Ace Hardware will be analyzed in context to liquidity, financial flexibility, operating capability and profitability. This report compares the business performance in year 201X with the performance in year 201Y. Liquidity Analysis Liquidity analysis helps to measure the company ability to pay the short term liabilities through using the short term assets. This analysis evaluated the working capital status during the financial years and any discrepancy arises due to that. To evaluate the liquidity performance of the company, ratios like current ratio and quick are calculated. The current ratio measures the current assets divided by the current liabilities. It means, current ratios check amount of current assets company reserves to pay the current liabilities (Bull, 2007). Current ratio of the Ace Hardware was 1.47 times in year 201Y and it was increased to 1.71 times in year 201X. This shows that in the current year, amount of current assets has increased a lot more to pay the small increase in the current liabilities in year 201X. Increase in current assets in year 201X shows that liquidity position of the company was strong as compare to liquidity position in year 201Y. Quick Ratio also measures the liquidity position of the company but it ignore current assets such as inventory and prepaid expenses while making the calculation of quick assets. The main reason to not consider the inventory and prepaid expenses while making calculation of quick assets is that these assets do not provide quick availability cash and cash equivalents in the short period of time. Quick assets of the Ace Hardware was 0.61 times in year 201Y and it got increased to 0.68 times in year 201X that shows that financial performance of company was slightly increased in the current year as there was increase in short term assets during the year. Financial Flexibility Analysis Every Company requires funds to finance the business operations and to purchase fixed assets. Sources of capital are mainly divided into two category equity and debt capital. Equity capital refers to owners capital and it does bear any fixed charge on the income of the company (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). On the other hand debt capital refers to outside capitals that are financed through banks or financial institutions. Debt capital bears the fixed charge on the profit of the company and this finance charge has to be paid irrespective of profit or loss to the company in the particular year. Debt and debt equity ratio are some of ratios that are consider for making the evaluation of the financial flexibility analysis. Debt ratio of Ace hardware in year 201Y was 0.99 times which indicates that almost 99% of the capital has been financed through the debt capital and in year 201X it was 97% that shows company financial position was highly leverage and due to this company has to bear fixe d interest charge every year. Operating Capability Operating capability means how efficient the company was in managing the business operations during the year (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). For this purpose ratio like inventory turnover ratio, account receivable turnover ratios are being calculated to check the operating performance of the company. Inventory turnover ratio was 6.12 times in 201Y that indicates company has converted their inventory into sales only 6.12 times during the year. This reflects poor operation capability. Accounts receivable Turnover was 7.22 times in year 201Y that indicates that company allows credit of more than 45 days to their customers that is too large for such small business. Profitability Analysis Ratios like Gross profit margin, net profit margin, return on total assets and return on total shareholders equity are being calculated to evaluate the profitability of the company. Gross profit margin was highly dissatisfactory for the Ace Hardware Company as company mark up their goods at very low margin that do not even cover the operating expenses. Company has earned negligible amount of net profit during both the years (Drake and Fabozzi, 2012). This was same with ratios like return on total assets and return on total shareholders equity. So overall it can be said that profitability position of the company was highly negative and it requires quick response of the management. Conclusion Financial analysis is very important as it helps in evaluating the financial performance of the company during the year and also helps in comparing the financial performance of one year with the financial performance of other year. Financial performance of Ace Hardware was not good in both the year and it requires management to check the problems and make changes accordingly. References Bull, R. 2007. Financial Ratios: How to use financial ratios to maximise value and success for your business'. Elsevier. Drake, P. P. and Fabozzi, F. J. 2012. Analysis of Financial Statements. John Wiley Sons. Fridson, M. S. and Alvarez, F. 2011. Financial Statement Analysis: A Practitioner's Guide. John Wiley Sons